GHealth News – Since mid-December 2024, China has experienced a rise in human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infections, sparking public concern about the emergence of a novel virus. However, health experts and officials have assured the public that HMPV is a well-established respiratory illness, often under-recognized but not new.
Domestic media have highlighted the increase in HMPV cases, with some patients reporting “flu-like” symptoms, including dizziness, which has fueled speculation about an unfamiliar pathogen.
This trend follows a similar surge in HMPV cases in the U.S. around April 2024, when the virus was described as “little-known” in media coverage.
HMPV: A Familiar Virus
Chinese experts emphasize that HMPV is not a new threat. Zheng Lishu, a virologist at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), explained that HMPV has been circulating globally for over six decades. Although identified by scientists only in the early 2000s due to its slow growth rate and nonspecific symptoms, it remains a common respiratory virus.
“For most individuals, symptoms tend to subside within about a week,” Zheng noted.
Ruan Zhengshang, deputy head of the infectious diseases department at Xinhua Hospital in Shanghai, warned against self-diagnosing HMPV based on symptoms such as fever or dizziness. He highlighted that HMPV shares symptoms with other respiratory illnesses, including cough, nasal congestion, fatigue, gastrointestinal discomfort, and high fever.
“It’s inaccurate to differentiate influenza, HMPV, and other respiratory infections solely by the severity of fever or dizziness,” Ruan advised. He encouraged people to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment if symptoms worsen.
Treatment and Prevention
Although most HMPV infections are mild, Tang Lanfang, head of the respiratory diseases department at Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, pointed out that some children may develop pneumonia. She urged close monitoring of vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Immediate medical attention is recommended for symptoms such as persistent high fever, lethargy, worsening cough, or difficulty breathing.
As there is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine for HMPV, Chinese experts, mirroring U.S. CDC guidance, recommend supportive care. This includes rest, a light diet, and dressing appropriately. Preventative measures, such as wearing masks, frequent handwashing, ensuring good ventilation, and avoiding crowded areas, are strongly advised to reduce the risk of infection.
(CGTN)
